FREEDOM OF SPEECH / FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION


FREEDOM OF SPEECH / FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION

Freedom of speech is the freedom to speak without censorship and/or limitation. The synonymous term freedom of expression is sometimes used to indicate not only freedom of verbal speech but any act of seeking, receiving and imparting information or ideas, regardless of the medium used [United Nations, 1966, 1976]. The right to freedom of speech is recognized as a human right under Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and recognized in international human rights law in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). The ICCPR recognizes the right to freedom of speech as "the right to hold opinions without interference. Everyone shall have the right to freedom of expression". Furthermore freedom of speech is recognized in European, inter-American and African regional human rights law [United Nations, 1966, 1967]. Freedom of speech, or the freedom of expression, is recognized in international and regional human rights law. The right is enshrined in Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights, Article 13 of the American Convention on Human Rights and Article 9 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights [Andrew Puddephatt & Hodder Arnold, 2005; Kumar, Ambika, 2006].

In Islamic ethics freedom of speech was first declared in the Rashidun period by the caliph Umar in the 7th century. In the Abbasid Caliphate period, freedom of speech was also declared by al-Hashimi (a cousin of Caliph al-Ma'mun) in a letter to one of the religious opponents he was attempting to convert through reason.

According to George Makdisi and Hugh Goddard, "the idea of academic freedom" in universities was "modelled on Islamic custom" as practiced in the medieval Madrasah system from the 9th century. Islamic influence was "certainly discernible in the foundation of the first deliberately-planned university" in Europe [Boisard, Marcel A., 1980].

* Selected REFERENCES / Sources:

Amnesty International: Annual Reports: URLhttp://www.amnesty.org/ailib/aireport/index.html Andrew Puddephatt & Hodder Arnold. (2005). Freedom of Expression: The Essentials of Human Rights. United Publishers. Boisard, Marcel A. (July 1980), "On the Probable Influence of Islam on Western Public and International Law", International Journal of Middle East Studies 11 (4): 429–50. Goddard, Hugh. (2000). A History of Christian-Muslim Relations. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Kumar, Ambika. (2006). ‘Using Courts to Enforce the Free Speech Provisions of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.’ Published by Chicago Journal of International Law. Summer 2006. URLhttp://www.allbusiness.com/corporate-governance/4082846-1.html United Nations: ‘International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.’ Adopted and opened for signature, ratification and accession by General Assembly resolution 2200A (XXI) of 16th December 1966: Entry into force 23 March 1976, in accordance with Article 49. URLhttp://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/ccpr.htm (United Nations) Wikipedia. (2010). ‘Freedom of Speech.’ Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. URLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_expression

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24 February 2014

Former Top Cop sues AG, Govt, 10 Others for RM128.5 Million !



Source:  http://www.thesundaily.my/news/871447

Former top cop sues AG, govt, 10 others for RM128.5 mil

Posted on 1 November 2013 - 03:58pm
Last updated on 1 November 2013 - 05:20pm



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KUALA LUMPUR (Nov 1, 2013): Former Bukit Aman Commercial Criminal Investigation Department director Datuk Ramli Yusuff today filed a suit for RM128.5 million against the Attorney-General, a former Inspector-General of Police, the government and nine others for alleged malicious prosecution.
The suit was filed at the Office of the Civil High Court registrar through the legal firm, Messrs. Vin Partnership.
In the statement of claim, Ramli, 61, named Tan Sri Abdul Gani Patail, Tan Sri Musa Hassan, the Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission (MACC), the government and the Royal Malaysia Police as defendants.
The other five defendants named in the suit are deputy public prosecutors and police officers.
Ramli claimed that the defendants, with malicious intent and without reasonable cause, had investigated and prosecuted him in court on five charges under the MACC Act and another under the Penal Code.
He claimed that he was acquitted of all the charges between July 2009 and August 2010.
The former police officer claimed that his prosecution had caused damage to his reputation and career, as well as caused him hardship, inconveniences and losses.
He is seeking RM128.5 million in special, general, aggravated and exemplary damages, interests and cost. – Bernama


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Source:  http://www.thesundaily.my/news/890682

Lawyer sues AG and 10 others

Posted on 26 November 2013 - 07:22pm
Last updated on 26 November 2013 - 08:53pm



KUALA LUMPUR (Nov 26, 2013): A lawyer has filed a multi million civil action suit against the Attorney General, former Inspector General of Police, Malaysian Anti Corruption Commission (MACC) Chief Commissioner and seven others for malicious prosecution.
Rosli Dahlan filed the suit involving more than RM47 million on Friday at the Civil High Court here through Messrs Kumar Partnership.
He named Tan Sri Abdul Gani Patail, Tan Sri Musa Hassan, Tan Sri Abu Kassim Mohamed, the MACC, Malaysian Government, Royal Malaysian Police, three deputy public prosecutors, a MACC investigation officer and a police officer as defendants.
In his statement of claim, he said the defendants conspired to arrest and charge him in court for a MACC case.
He said he was acquitted by the Kuala Lumpur Sessions Court on Dec 20, 2010. Rosli is seeking punitive, aggravated and exemplary damages totaling RM47 million, special damages of RM750,000, costs and other relief deemed fit by the court. – Bernama



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