FREEDOM OF SPEECH / FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION

FREEDOM OF SPEECH / FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION

Freedom of speech is the freedom to speak without censorship and/or limitation. The synonymous term freedom of expression is sometimes used to indicate not only freedom of verbal speech but any act of seeking, receiving and imparting information or ideas, regardless of the medium used [United Nations, 1966, 1976]. The right to freedom of speech is recognized as a human right under Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and recognized in international human rights law in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). The ICCPR recognizes the right to freedom of speech as "the right to hold opinions without interference. Everyone shall have the right to freedom of expression". Furthermore freedom of speech is recognized in European, inter-American and African regional human rights law [United Nations, 1966, 1967]. Freedom of speech, or the freedom of expression, is recognized in international and regional human rights law. The right is enshrined in Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights, Article 13 of the American Convention on Human Rights and Article 9 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights [Andrew Puddephatt & Hodder Arnold, 2005; Kumar, Ambika, 2006].

In Islamic ethics freedom of speech was first declared in the Rashidun period by the caliph Umar in the 7th century. In the Abbasid Caliphate period, freedom of speech was also declared by al-Hashimi (a cousin of Caliph al-Ma'mun) in a letter to one of the religious opponents he was attempting to convert through reason.

According to George Makdisi and Hugh Goddard, "the idea of academic freedom" in universities was "modelled on Islamic custom" as practiced in the medieval Madrasah system from the 9th century. Islamic influence was "certainly discernible in the foundation of the first deliberately-planned university" in Europe [Boisard, Marcel A., 1980].

* Selected REFERENCES / Sources:

Amnesty International: Annual Reports: URLhttp://www.amnesty.org/ailib/aireport/index.html Andrew Puddephatt & Hodder Arnold. (2005). Freedom of Expression: The Essentials of Human Rights. United Publishers. Boisard, Marcel A. (July 1980), "On the Probable Influence of Islam on Western Public and International Law", International Journal of Middle East Studies 11 (4): 429–50. Goddard, Hugh. (2000). A History of Christian-Muslim Relations. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Kumar, Ambika. (2006). ‘Using Courts to Enforce the Free Speech Provisions of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.’ Published by Chicago Journal of International Law. Summer 2006. URLhttp://www.allbusiness.com/corporate-governance/4082846-1.html United Nations: ‘International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.’ Adopted and opened for signature, ratification and accession by General Assembly resolution 2200A (XXI) of 16th December 1966: Entry into force 23 March 1976, in accordance with Article 49. URLhttp://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/ccpr.htm (United Nations) Wikipedia. (2010). ‘Freedom of Speech.’ Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. URLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_expression

27 April 2016

Pemuda parah akibat telefon meletup ! (Handphone Explode!)

KOMEN:

Kemungkinan 1: Pembelian dan Penggunaan telifon pintar yang murah buatan China mungkin adalah salah satu sebab telifon ini cepat panas, dan meletup!

Kemungkinan 2: Sebab kedua ialah, penggunaan telifon pintar klon yang berkualiti rendah juga,

Kemungkinan 3: Bateri yang berkualiti rendah.

Harap pengguna lebih bijak selepas ini.

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Sumber:
http://www.utusan.com.my/berita/nahas-bencana/pemuda-parah-akibat-telefon-meletup-1.285617

Pemuda parah akibat telefon meletup

23 April 2016 9:17 PM

ALOR SETAR, 23 April - Seorang pemuda cedera parah apabila telefon bimbitnya yang sedang dicaj tiba-tiba meletup ketika dia mahu menjawab panggilan semalam.

Muhammad Syawal Md. Isa mendapatkan rawatan di bahagian tangan kanan dan muka setelah telefon digunanya meletup di Hospital Sultan Abdul Halim (HSAH) Sungai Petani, Kedah semalam.

Pengarah Kesihatan Kedah, Datuk Dr Norhizan Ismail berkata lelaki berumur 28 tersebut dikejarkan ke Hospital Yan kira-kira pukul 4.40 pagi.

"Rawatan awal diberikan kepadanya, namun disebabkan beliau perlu diberi rawatan pakar, maka beliau telah dirujuk ke Hospital Sultan Abdul Halim di Sungai Petani," katanya dalam satu kenyataan.

Beliau berkata mangsa dimasukkan ke wad oftamologi untuk rawatan pada mata dan turut mendapati kecederaan pada telinga kanan.

"Mangsa mengalami kesan terbakar dengan serpihan besi di bahagian kanan muka, dada dan tangan kanan serta luka pada kornea mata kanan selain terdapat bendasing di dalam matanya.

Sementara itu Ketua Polis Daerah Yan, DSP Muhamad Halim Yatim berkata mangsa dikenali sebagai Muhammad Syawal Md Isa dari Kampung Titi Serong, Jalan Dulang, Yan. - BERNAMA

New Streets Times (NSTs)

FREEDOM OF SPEECH / FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION

27 April 2016

Pemuda parah akibat telefon meletup ! (Handphone Explode!)

Pemuda parah akibat telefon meletup

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