FREEDOM OF SPEECH / FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION


FREEDOM OF SPEECH / FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION

Freedom of speech is the freedom to speak without censorship and/or limitation. The synonymous term freedom of expression is sometimes used to indicate not only freedom of verbal speech but any act of seeking, receiving and imparting information or ideas, regardless of the medium used [United Nations, 1966, 1976]. The right to freedom of speech is recognized as a human right under Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and recognized in international human rights law in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). The ICCPR recognizes the right to freedom of speech as "the right to hold opinions without interference. Everyone shall have the right to freedom of expression". Furthermore freedom of speech is recognized in European, inter-American and African regional human rights law [United Nations, 1966, 1967]. Freedom of speech, or the freedom of expression, is recognized in international and regional human rights law. The right is enshrined in Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights, Article 13 of the American Convention on Human Rights and Article 9 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights [Andrew Puddephatt & Hodder Arnold, 2005; Kumar, Ambika, 2006].

In Islamic ethics freedom of speech was first declared in the Rashidun period by the caliph Umar in the 7th century. In the Abbasid Caliphate period, freedom of speech was also declared by al-Hashimi (a cousin of Caliph al-Ma'mun) in a letter to one of the religious opponents he was attempting to convert through reason.

According to George Makdisi and Hugh Goddard, "the idea of academic freedom" in universities was "modelled on Islamic custom" as practiced in the medieval Madrasah system from the 9th century. Islamic influence was "certainly discernible in the foundation of the first deliberately-planned university" in Europe [Boisard, Marcel A., 1980].

* Selected REFERENCES / Sources:


Amnesty International: Annual Reports: URLhttp://www.amnesty.org/ailib/aireport/index.html Andrew Puddephatt & Hodder Arnold. (2005). Freedom of Expression: The Essentials of Human Rights. United Publishers. Boisard, Marcel A. (July 1980), "On the Probable Influence of Islam on Western Public and International Law", International Journal of Middle East Studies 11 (4): 429–50. Goddard, Hugh. (2000). A History of Christian-Muslim Relations. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Kumar, Ambika. (2006). ‘Using Courts to Enforce the Free Speech Provisions of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.’ Published by Chicago Journal of International Law. Summer 2006. URLhttp://www.allbusiness.com/corporate-governance/4082846-1.html United Nations: ‘International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.’ Adopted and opened for signature, ratification and accession by General Assembly resolution 2200A (XXI) of 16th December 1966: Entry into force 23 March 1976, in accordance with Article 49. URLhttp://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/ccpr.htm (United Nations) Wikipedia. (2010). ‘Freedom of Speech.’ Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. URLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_expression

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30 October 2016

Biarpun bukan pewaris harta, anak tetap bangga dengan Bill Gates !


Source:
http://www.utusan.com.my/berita/luar-negara/biarpun-bukan-pewaris-harta-anak-tetap-bangga-dengan-bill-gates-1.400496


Biarpun bukan pewaris harta, anak tetap bangga dengan Bill Gates









Gambar kenangan Bill Gates (kiri) dan Melanie (dua dari kanan) serta anak-anak mereka semasa bercuti beberapa tahun lalu. Agensi
NEW YORK 27 Okt. – Tiga anak jutawan Microsoft, Bill Gates bangga dengan keputusan bapa mereka yang tidak menyerahkan harta berjumlah AS$85.52 bilion (RM356.16 bilion) untuk diwarisi tetapi sebaliknya didermakan semuanya kepada golo­ngan miskin.
Gates, 60, yang mempunyai dua orang anak perempuan dan seorang anak lelaki berkata, semua anaknya memahami dan me­nyokong keputusan itu.
“Wang ini adalah untuk membantu mereka yang miskin. Anak-­anak saya tahu dan bangga malah mereka turut melihat kerja-kerja kebajikan yang dilakukan,’’ katanya.
Menurut laporan Mail Online, Gates tidak meninggalkan kemewahan kepada mereka sebaliknya memberi pendidikan yang terbaik supaya mereka boleh memulakan karier masing-masing.
“Walaupun begitu, mereka tidak akan menjadi miskin. Mereka tetap mempunyai sokongan kewangan bagi tujuan keselamatan,’’ katanya.
Gates yang menceritakan ke­hidupan peribadinya kepada ran­cangan televisyen, This Morning turut menegaskan, beliau tidak mahu memberi kemewahan me­lampau kepada anak-anaknya ke­rana ia akan membawa ke­pincangan dalam perkara yang mereka lakukan, sebaliknya mereka perlu mencipta hala tuju sendiri.
Tiga anak Gates iaitu, Jennifer, 20, Rory, 17 dan Phoebe, 14 merupakan hasil perkahwinannya dengan Melinda, 52.
Jennifer kini belajar dalam tahun dua di Universiti Stanford, California yang mana Gates turut menderma sebanyak AS$6.11 juta (RM25.45 juta) bagi pembinaan bangunan sains komputer atas nama beliau.
Jennifer juga seorang penunggang kuda yang hebat dan sering menyertai pertandingan di peringkat kebangsaan.
Rory dan Phoebe masih bersekolah dan tinggal bersama-sama Gates di Seattle, Washington.
Gates hanya mewariskan sebahagian kecil harta kepada anak-anaknya, manakala selebihnya akan didermakan kepada badan kebajikan miliknya, Yayasan Bill dan Melinda Gates yang membiayai projek-projek pendidikan dan kesihatan di seluruh dunia.


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26 October 2016

Khairy: Malaysia should stop hosting F1



KOMEN:

1- F1 Malaysia ini adalah idea Mahathir, suka kpd sesuatu yang grand, walaupun kosnya mahal.

2- Dan hanya dapat dinikmati oleh se-golongan kecil elit sahaja. Orang ramai dan rakyat biasa tidak mampu membeli tiket, dan memang tidak berminat pun benda-benda mcm ini.

3- Kerajaan terpaksa menanggung kos yang tinggi untuk menjayakan lumba F1 ini.

4- F1 Malaysia penat buat trophy, dan warga asing ini (e.g. Itali, Australia, etc.)  datang dan mengambil pulang trophy ini.

 5- Selepas mengambil trophy ini, ada pula supporters yang menari bogel, dan tidak menghormati jalur gemilang dan budaya Malaysia.

6- Seperti kata KJ,  kita "stop" saja menganjur F1 ini !!

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Sumber
http://www.themalaymailonline.com/sports/article/khairy-malaysia-should-stop-hosting-f1

Khairy: Malaysia should stop hosting F1








Youth and Sports Minister Khairy Jamaluddin today tweeted that Malaysia should stop hosting Formula One races as it costs too much and raked in limited returns. — Picture via Twitter/Khairy Jamaluddin











KUALA LUMPUR, Oct 24 — Malaysia should stop hosting Formula One races as such events cost too much and raked in limited returns, youth and sports minister Khairy Jamaluddin said today.
The minister weighed in the matter on Twitter hours after Sepang International Circuit (SIC) chief executive officer Datuk Ahmad Razlan Ahmad Razali said the fate of F1 events in Malaysia would be decided by this Thursday.
“I think we should stop hosting the F1. At least for a while. Cost too high, returns limited,” Khairy tweeted.
New Straits Times Online quoted Razlan as saying that although SIC had a ‘watertight agreement’ with the license holders until 2018, a special meeting would be held with SIC’s major stakeholder, the Ministry of Finance on the issue of F1’s future.
He reportedly said that F1 ticket sales have on the decline since 2014, and that recent sales only reached between 55 and 60 per cent.
Comparatively, Razlan pointed out that tickets were consistently sold out for Moto GP.
Razlan added that initial reports for the last F1 race showed that it scored the lowest ratings in TV viewership here.
“Maybe it will do Malaysia good to take a break.
“I think the product (F1) is no longer exciting. It’s being dominated by one team,” Razlan was quoted saying. 

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08 October 2016

Najib hosts official dinner for Iran President Rouhani !



https://sg.news.yahoo.com/najib-hosts-official-dinner-iran-141754622.html



Najib hosts official dinner for Iran President Rouhani

Bernama

PUTRAJAYA: Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Razak today hosted an official dinner in honour of the visiting President of Iran, Dr Hassan Rouhani at Seri Perdana here.
Present were Najib’s wife Datin Seri Rosmah Mansor, Natural Resources and Environment Minister Wan Junaidi Tuanku Jaafar, who is also the Minister-In-Attendance, Foreign Minister Datuk Seri Anifah Aman and Chief Secretary to the Government Tan Sri Dr Ali Hamsa.
Najib greeted Rouhani upon arrival and ushered him to the Protocol Hall foyer to introduce to the president and the Iranian delegation some of the local fruits on display, including dokong, jack fruit, rambutan, mangosteen, durian and starfruit. Rouhani arrived here Friday to begin his maiden official two-day visit to Malaysia since he assumed the presidency in 2013.
According to a statement from Wisma Putra, Rouhani’s official visit was aimed at reaffirming and further strengthening the warm and close bilateral relations between Malaysia and Iran.--BERNAMA
© New Straits Times Press (M) Bhd



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05 October 2016

MACC seize RM112 million cash from Sabah department director & deputy !



https://sg.news.yahoo.com/macc-seize-rm112-million-cash-101958983.html




MACC seize RM112 million cash from Sabah department director & deputy

AVILA GERALDINE

KOTA KINABALU: The Malaysian Anti Corruption Commission (MACC) has recorded one of its largest ever seizures, totalling RM112 million, following its probe on four people, including two senior officers of a Sabah government agency. MACC deputy chief commissioner (operations) Datuk Azam Baki said RM45 million was seized from a director while RM7.2 million was confiscated from a deputy director. "This is the biggest seizure involving civil servants. The most we had confiscated in the past was RM10 million. "In the operation, MACC raided their office and houses. We also seized about RM23 million from bank accounts belonging to the officers and their family members," he told a press conference here today. 



View photos

MACC deputy chief commissioner (operations) Datuk Azam Baki said RM45 million was seized from a director while RM7.2 million was confiscated from a deputy director. (Photo by AVILA GERALDINE)
Six safe deposit boxes, with one containing RM2.5 million, were also seized. MACC also froze RM37 million from a company bank account linked to one of the officers. Other items seized in the operation included luxury cars, jewellery, handbags, and 127 land title grants. Yesterday, the 54-year-old director and 51-year-old deputy director were arrested under suspicion of having monopolised projects under the purview of their department and given them to their relatives. Azam said both officers had handled infrastructure construction projects valued at more than RM3.3 billion since 2010. At the press conference today, MACC displayed the seized items including boxes of cash in both ringgit and foreign currency, gold jewelry, as well as luxury watches. 



View photos

The Malaysian Anti Corruption Commission (MACC) has recorded one of its largest ever seizures, totalling RM112 million, following its probe on four people, including two senior officers of a Sabah government agency. (Photo by AVILA GERALDINE)
Following their arrests, MACC picked up the deputy director's brother, who is a 55-year-old Datuk and businessman, as well as the latter's 50-year-old accountant to facilitate investigation. The four people would be remanded for seven days beginning today. Based on investigation, Azam said MACC believed the senior officers had also kept money in a neighbouring country and that several individuals would be called in to assist in the probe. © New Straits Times Press (M) Bhd

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04 October 2016

Salah guna kuasa : 2 pegawai kanan kerajaan di Sabah ditahan !!


http://www.utusan.com.my/berita/jenayah/salah-guna-kuasa-2-pegawai-kanan-kerajaan-di-sabah-ditahan-1.390517


Salah guna kuasa : 2 pegawai kanan kerajaan di Sabah ditahan

Wang tunai RM3 juta dirampas



KUALA LUMPUR 4 Okt. - Suruhanjaya Pencegahan Rasuah Malaysia (SPRM) hari ini menahan dua pegawai kanan di sebuah agensi kerajaan di Sabah kerana disyaki menyalahgunakan kuasa dengan memonopoli dan memberikan projek-projek yang dikendalikan jabatan tersebut kepada keluarga mereka.

Kedua-dua suspek yang berusia 54 dan 51 tahun itu ditahan di pejabat mereka di Kota Kinabalu, Sabah kira-kira pukul 9.15 pagi. Mereka ditahan untuk siasatan di bawah Seksyen 17 (a) Akta Suruhanjaya Pencegahan Rasuah Malaysia, Seksyen 165 Kanun Keseksaan dan Akta Pengubahan Wang Haram.

Turut dirampas ialah wang tunai bernilai kira-kira RM3 juta yang disimpan dalam peti besi di pejabat salah seorang pegawai kanan tersebut. Menurut sumber, kedua-dua pegawai kanan berkenaan berjawatan Pengarah dan Timbalan Pengarah di jabatan kerajaan yang mengendalikan projek-projek pembinaan infrastruktur asas bernilai lebih RM3.3 bilion sejak tahun 2010 itu telah memonopoli kesemua projek dan diserahkan kepada adik-beradik mereka.

Ujarnya, penyalahgunaan kuasa ini yang dipercayai bermula sejak tahun 2010 hingga kini dan siasatan awal mempercayai mereka telah mengumpul harta kekayaan melebihi RM50 juta.

Timbalan Ketua Pesuruhjaya (Operasi) SPRM, Datuk Azam Baki ketika dihubungi mengesahkan tangkapan tersebut tetapi enggan mengulas lanjut.- UTUSAN ONLINE



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Penyalahgunaan dadah libatkan pelajar sekolah seluruh negara !


Source:
http://www.utusan.com.my/berita/jenayah/kedah-tangga-teratas-1.351727


Kedah tangga teratas

Penyalahgunaan dadah libatkan pelajar seluruh negara

ALOR SETAR 10 Julai - Kedah menjadi negeri yang mencatat jumlah penyalahgunaan dadah tertinggi dalam kalangan pelajar sekolah selepas 374 orang dikesan positif bahan terlarang itu selepas menjalani ujian air kencing pada tahun lalu.

MOHAMMAD NAZER MUSTAFA
Pengarah Agensi Antidadah Kebangsaan (AADK) Kedah, Mohammad Nazer Mustafa berkata, lebih membimbangkan angka itu dijangka meningkat memandang­kan dalam tempoh enam bulan pertama tahun ini sahaja seramai 305 pelajar dikesan positif dadah.
Katanya, dadah sintetik jenis methamphetamine atau syabu menjadi pilihan paling popular dalam kalangan remaja di negeri ini.

“Dalam pemeriksaan rawak yang kita lakukan dengan kerjasama Kementerian Pendidikan di 186 buah sekolah membabitkan 5,696 pelajar, didapati kira-kira 84 peratus atau 311 orang positif dadah jenis syabu, opiat (40 orang) dan kanabis (23 orang).

“Kita jangkakan jumlah pelajar yang terlibat dalam penyalahgunaan dadah dalam kalangan pelajar pada tahun ini lebih tinggi kerana bagi tempoh enam bulan pertama ini sahaja, sebanyak 305 orang dikesan positif dadah.

“Jumlah itu adalah daripada 2,537 pelajar dari 156 buah sekolah yang diuji. Kita ada lebih kurang 40 sekolah lagi terutama di Kota Setar, Kubang Pasu, Kuala Muda dan Baling untuk menjalankan pemeriksaan rawak yang dikenal pasti sebagai ‘kawasan panas’,” katanya di sini baru-baru ini.

Menurut Mohammad Nazer, perkembangan gejala tidak sihat itu membimbangkan pihaknya berikutan penya­lahgunaan dadah terutama jenis sintetik boleh memberi kesan kepada kesihatan mental.

“Berdasarkan ujian sari­ngan rawak yang dilakukan di sekolah, kita mendapati pe­nyalahgunaan dadah jenis sya­bu adalah tinggi yang mana melebih 80 peratus daripada jumlah yang dikenal pasti positif dadah.

“Pengguna syabu bukan sahaja mendedahkan diri kepada penyakit mental, malah boleh menyebabkan mereka menjadi ganas dan tiada perasaan takut sehingga sanggup bertindak luar batas,” ujarnya.

Mohammad Nazer membe­ritahu, pihaknya menerima aduan sekurang-kurangnya sekali dalam seminggu daripada ibu bapa me­ngenai perilaku agresif anak mereka sehingga sanggup memukul mereka apabila permintaan tidak ditunaikan.

“Selepas kita melakukan ujian air kencing didapati anak mereka memang positif dadah jenis syabu. Sehubungan itu, kita menggalakkan ibu bapa atau keluarga yang menyedari per­ubahan tingkah laku anak mereka untuk merujuk dengan AADK berhampiran,” katanya.
Dalam pada itu Mohammad Nazer berkata, pihaknya mengadakan kerjasama erat dengan Kementerian Pendidikan untuk memberi kaunseling dan motivasi kepada pelajar terlibat untuk meninggalkan tabiat tersebut.

“Kebanyakan pelajar yang dikesan positif dadah ini me­ngakui bahawa mereka sekadar mencuba dan untuk berseronok sahaja. Jika diselamatkan lebih awal, mereka akan mampu membuang tabiat buruk tersebut,” ujarnya.


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