FREEDOM OF SPEECH / FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION


FREEDOM OF SPEECH / FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION

Freedom of speech is the freedom to speak without censorship and/or limitation. The synonymous term freedom of expression is sometimes used to indicate not only freedom of verbal speech but any act of seeking, receiving and imparting information or ideas, regardless of the medium used [United Nations, 1966, 1976]. The right to freedom of speech is recognized as a human right under Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and recognized in international human rights law in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). The ICCPR recognizes the right to freedom of speech as "the right to hold opinions without interference. Everyone shall have the right to freedom of expression". Furthermore freedom of speech is recognized in European, inter-American and African regional human rights law [United Nations, 1966, 1967]. Freedom of speech, or the freedom of expression, is recognized in international and regional human rights law. The right is enshrined in Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights, Article 13 of the American Convention on Human Rights and Article 9 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights [Andrew Puddephatt & Hodder Arnold, 2005; Kumar, Ambika, 2006].

In Islamic ethics freedom of speech was first declared in the Rashidun period by the caliph Umar in the 7th century. In the Abbasid Caliphate period, freedom of speech was also declared by al-Hashimi (a cousin of Caliph al-Ma'mun) in a letter to one of the religious opponents he was attempting to convert through reason.

According to George Makdisi and Hugh Goddard, "the idea of academic freedom" in universities was "modelled on Islamic custom" as practiced in the medieval Madrasah system from the 9th century. Islamic influence was "certainly discernible in the foundation of the first deliberately-planned university" in Europe [Boisard, Marcel A., 1980].

* Selected REFERENCES / Sources:

Amnesty International: Annual Reports: URLhttp://www.amnesty.org/ailib/aireport/index.html Andrew Puddephatt & Hodder Arnold. (2005). Freedom of Expression: The Essentials of Human Rights. United Publishers. Boisard, Marcel A. (July 1980), "On the Probable Influence of Islam on Western Public and International Law", International Journal of Middle East Studies 11 (4): 429–50. Goddard, Hugh. (2000). A History of Christian-Muslim Relations. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Kumar, Ambika. (2006). ‘Using Courts to Enforce the Free Speech Provisions of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.’ Published by Chicago Journal of International Law. Summer 2006. URLhttp://www.allbusiness.com/corporate-governance/4082846-1.html United Nations: ‘International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.’ Adopted and opened for signature, ratification and accession by General Assembly resolution 2200A (XXI) of 16th December 1966: Entry into force 23 March 1976, in accordance with Article 49. URLhttp://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/ccpr.htm (United Nations) Wikipedia. (2010). ‘Freedom of Speech.’ Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. URLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_expression

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26 November 2016

More than 1,000 protest at Myanmar embassy against Rohingya atrocities !


COMMENTS:

 Suu Kyi steered her National League for Democracy into power after championing a decades-long struggle against military rule. 

 And her fight against military rule, to uphold democracy and human rights. BUT its only for the Buddhist Myanmars, or the people in Myanmar, that does not include the "Rohingya" !!  

 As unbelievable as it sound, but that is the REALITY in Myanmar - the Rohingya are denied of their human rights and CITIZENSHIP - and worst still, they are being discriminated and genocide. 

 What make it worst, Suu Kyi was a recipient of the Noble Peace Price!  BIG SHAME !! 

 FACTS:
Suu Kyi Noble Peace Prize : "for her non-violent struggle for democracy and human rights."

 Source:
https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1991/kyi-facts.html

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 Source:
https://sg.news.yahoo.com/more-1-000-protest-myanmar-031929554.html




More than 1,000 protest at Myanmar embassy against Rohingya atrocities

NAIM ZULKIFLI

KUALA LUMPUR: Some 1,000 people held a demonstration yesterday in front of the Myanmar embassy here to protest against atrocities against the country’s Rohingya Muslims.
The group, comprising members of a coalition of 42 non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and Rohingya, held the demonstration after Friday prayers after walking 2.6km from the Tabung Haji mosque. They decried the escalating violence in Rakhine State in northern Myanmar, where a military crackdown since last month has reportedly resulted in the deaths of at least 86 Rohingya.
The participating organisations were Umno Youth, Pertubuhan Pribumi Perkasa Malaysia, Pertubuhan Martabat Jalinan Muhibbah Malaysia and Pertubuhan Permuafakatan Majlis Ayahanda Malaysia.
When they reached Jalan Madge, near the embassy, they were stopped by police. As emotions were running high, a group of men believed to be Rohingya tried to break through the police blockade, but this proved futile.
City police chief Datuk Amar Singh said three Rohingya men and a Malaysian man were detained for investigations under the Peaceful Assembly Act 2012.
“The Rohingya were arrested, as under the act, foreigners are prohibited from participating in any assembly, while the Malaysian man was arrested because he tried to provoke a situation.”
NGOs representatives later sent a memorandum to the embassy urging the Myanmar government to put an end to the persecution of the Rohingya.

Yahoo News - New Straits Times Press (M) Bhd


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