FREEDOM OF SPEECH / FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION

FREEDOM OF SPEECH / FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION

Freedom of speech is the freedom to speak without censorship and/or limitation. The synonymous term freedom of expression is sometimes used to indicate not only freedom of verbal speech but any act of seeking, receiving and imparting information or ideas, regardless of the medium used [United Nations, 1966, 1976]. The right to freedom of speech is recognized as a human right under Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and recognized in international human rights law in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). The ICCPR recognizes the right to freedom of speech as "the right to hold opinions without interference. Everyone shall have the right to freedom of expression". Furthermore freedom of speech is recognized in European, inter-American and African regional human rights law [United Nations, 1966, 1967]. Freedom of speech, or the freedom of expression, is recognized in international and regional human rights law. The right is enshrined in Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights, Article 13 of the American Convention on Human Rights and Article 9 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights [Andrew Puddephatt & Hodder Arnold, 2005; Kumar, Ambika, 2006].

In Islamic ethics freedom of speech was first declared in the Rashidun period by the caliph Umar in the 7th century. In the Abbasid Caliphate period, freedom of speech was also declared by al-Hashimi (a cousin of Caliph al-Ma'mun) in a letter to one of the religious opponents he was attempting to convert through reason.

According to George Makdisi and Hugh Goddard, "the idea of academic freedom" in universities was "modelled on Islamic custom" as practiced in the medieval Madrasah system from the 9th century. Islamic influence was "certainly discernible in the foundation of the first deliberately-planned university" in Europe [Boisard, Marcel A., 1980].

* Selected REFERENCES / Sources:

Amnesty International: Annual Reports: URLhttp://www.amnesty.org/ailib/aireport/index.html Andrew Puddephatt & Hodder Arnold. (2005). Freedom of Expression: The Essentials of Human Rights. United Publishers. Boisard, Marcel A. (July 1980), "On the Probable Influence of Islam on Western Public and International Law", International Journal of Middle East Studies 11 (4): 429–50. Goddard, Hugh. (2000). A History of Christian-Muslim Relations. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Kumar, Ambika. (2006). ‘Using Courts to Enforce the Free Speech Provisions of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.’ Published by Chicago Journal of International Law. Summer 2006. URLhttp://www.allbusiness.com/corporate-governance/4082846-1.html United Nations: ‘International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.’ Adopted and opened for signature, ratification and accession by General Assembly resolution 2200A (XXI) of 16th December 1966: Entry into force 23 March 1976, in accordance with Article 49. URLhttp://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/ccpr.htm (United Nations) Wikipedia. (2010). ‘Freedom of Speech.’ Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. URLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_expression

13 February 2019

Ibu Jamaluddin Jarjis saman dua cucu ?!

SOURCE:
http://www.kosmo.com.my/terkini/ibu-jamaluddin-jarjis-saman-dua-cucu-1.839572

Ibu Jamaluddin Jarjis saman dua cucu

NUZULSHAM SHAMSUDDIN

12 Februari 2019 9:07 PM

KUALA LUMPUR – Ibu kepada bekas Ahli Parlimen Rompin, Allahyarham Tan Sri Jamaluddin Jarjis, Aminah Abdullah memfailkan saman terhadap dua cucunya berhubung dakwaan gagal memasukkan syer tiga buah syarikat lebih RM1 bilion dalam senarai aset harta pusaka si mati.

Aminah, 85, selaku plaintif memfailkan saman itu melalui firma Tetuan Wan Marican, Hamzah & Shaik pada 3 Januari lalu dengan menamakan anak sulung Allahyarham, Nur Anis, 34, dan Ikwan Hafiz, 32, masing-masing sebagai defendan pertama dan kedua.

Pada prosiding pengurusan kes di Mahkamah Tinggi di sini hari ini, peguam Aqilah Pawancheek yang mewakili Aminah berkata, mahkamah menetapkan 2 April ini untuk pengurusan kes dihadapan Hakim Datuk Mohd. Firuz Jafril.

Berdasarkan pernyataan tuntutan, Aminah mendakwa, kedua-dua defendan sebagai pentadbir bersama harta pusaka Allahyarham Jamaluddin gagal memasukkan sebahagian syer tiga buah syarikat iaitu Rantai Wawasan Sdn. Bhd.; Alpine Motion Sdn. Bhd. dan Ivory Insights Wawasan Sdn. Bhd. ke dalam senarai aset dan liabiliti milik Allahyarham.

Dakwa Aminah, tindakan itu dibuat bertujuan menafikan hak dan kepentingannya selaku plaintif sebagai benefisiari (penerima) terhadap harta pusaka itu.

Aminah juga mendakwa kedua-dua cucunya itu gagal menyatakan anggaran nilai bagi setiap satu syer tiga syarikat itu yang bernilai RM1,384,312,154 dua tahun enam bulan selepas kematian Jamaluddin dan gagal memberi maklumat berhubung harta pusaka sebelum plaintif melantik peguam syarie dan peguamcara untuk bertindak bagi pihak plaintif.

Defendan-defendan juga didakwa gagal memasukkan ke dalam senarai aset yang dimiliki Allahyarham iaitu sebuah apartmen di Beacon Street, Boston, Amerika Syarikat dengan anggaran nilai RM10 juta yang dilampirkan bersama surat pentadbiran. - K! ONLINE

New Streets Times (NSTs)

FREEDOM OF SPEECH / FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION

13 February 2019

Ibu Jamaluddin Jarjis saman dua cucu ?!

Ibu Jamaluddin Jarjis saman dua cucu

Malaysians Billionaire !