FREEDOM OF SPEECH / FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION


FREEDOM OF SPEECH / FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION

Freedom of speech is the freedom to speak without censorship and/or limitation. The synonymous term freedom of expression is sometimes used to indicate not only freedom of verbal speech but any act of seeking, receiving and imparting information or ideas, regardless of the medium used [United Nations, 1966, 1976]. The right to freedom of speech is recognized as a human right under Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and recognized in international human rights law in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). The ICCPR recognizes the right to freedom of speech as "the right to hold opinions without interference. Everyone shall have the right to freedom of expression". Furthermore freedom of speech is recognized in European, inter-American and African regional human rights law [United Nations, 1966, 1967]. Freedom of speech, or the freedom of expression, is recognized in international and regional human rights law. The right is enshrined in Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights, Article 13 of the American Convention on Human Rights and Article 9 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights [Andrew Puddephatt & Hodder Arnold, 2005; Kumar, Ambika, 2006].

In Islamic ethics freedom of speech was first declared in the Rashidun period by the caliph Umar in the 7th century. In the Abbasid Caliphate period, freedom of speech was also declared by al-Hashimi (a cousin of Caliph al-Ma'mun) in a letter to one of the religious opponents he was attempting to convert through reason.

According to George Makdisi and Hugh Goddard, "the idea of academic freedom" in universities was "modelled on Islamic custom" as practiced in the medieval Madrasah system from the 9th century. Islamic influence was "certainly discernible in the foundation of the first deliberately-planned university" in Europe [Boisard, Marcel A., 1980].

* Selected REFERENCES / Sources:

Amnesty International: Annual Reports: URLhttp://www.amnesty.org/ailib/aireport/index.html Andrew Puddephatt & Hodder Arnold. (2005). Freedom of Expression: The Essentials of Human Rights. United Publishers. Boisard, Marcel A. (July 1980), "On the Probable Influence of Islam on Western Public and International Law", International Journal of Middle East Studies 11 (4): 429–50. Goddard, Hugh. (2000). A History of Christian-Muslim Relations. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Kumar, Ambika. (2006). ‘Using Courts to Enforce the Free Speech Provisions of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.’ Published by Chicago Journal of International Law. Summer 2006. URLhttp://www.allbusiness.com/corporate-governance/4082846-1.html United Nations: ‘International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.’ Adopted and opened for signature, ratification and accession by General Assembly resolution 2200A (XXI) of 16th December 1966: Entry into force 23 March 1976, in accordance with Article 49. URLhttp://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/ccpr.htm (United Nations) Wikipedia. (2010). ‘Freedom of Speech.’ Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. URLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_expression

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25 March 2018

Pengacara, penerbit didakwa aibkan Watson Nyambek


Source:
http://www.utusan.com.my/berita/mahkamah/pengacara-penerbit-didakwa-aibkan-watson-nyambek-1.490388

Pengacara, penerbit didakwa aibkan Watson Nyambek

Azizul Ammar Abu Hassan (tunduk, bertopi) ketika dibawa ke Mahkamah Majistret Sibu, semalam. – IHSAN

AZIZUL AMMAR ABU HASSAN (tunduk, bertopi) ketika dibawa ke Mahkamah Majistret Sibu, semalam. – IHSAN SIN CHEW

07 Jun 2017 3:00 AM
22
SIBU 6 Jun – Bekas pengacara rancangan Sukan Tak Sentral, Ammar dan penerbit rancangan itu masing-masing mengaku tidak bersalah di Mahkamah Majistret di sini hari ini terhadap pertuduhan mengaibkan bekas pelari pecut negara, Watson Nyambek, April lalu.

Ammar atau nama sebenarnya, Azizul Ammar Abu Hassan, 30, dari Segambut, Kuala Lumpur dan Abdul Ghani Mohd. Mokhtar, 41, dari Petaling Jaya membuat pengakuan tersebut selepas selesai pertuduhan dibacakan kepada mereka oleh jurubahasa.

Mengikut pertuduhan, kedua-duanya didakwa dengan sengaja mengaibkan Watson, 41, dengan niat hendak membangkitkan pe­cah keamanan di Hotel Medan di sini kira-kira pukul 11.30 malam, 22 April lalu.
Mereka didakwa mengikut Seksyen 504 Kanun Keseksaan yang membawa hukuman penjara sehingga dua tahun atau denda atau kedua-duanya jika sabit kesalahan.
Majistret Saiful Sayoti membenarkan setiap tertuduh dibebaskan dengan jaminan RM3,500 berserta seorang penjamin sementara menunggu sebutan semula kes pada 4 Julai ini.
Akhbar sebelum ini melaporkan, Watson yang terkenal de­ngan gelaran The Flying Dayak membuat laporan polis pada 24 April lalu, terhadap Ammar yang mencetuskan kontroversi apabila mempersendakan nama men­diang bapanya dalam rancangan berkenaan di rangkaian televi­syen swasta, TV3.
Menerusi program ulangan yang disiarkan pada malam Sabtu, Ammar yang mengacarakan program itu bersama Marsha Milan Londoh didakwa mempersendakan nama mendiang bapa Watson dengan menyamakan dengan bunyi kambing.
Berikutan laporan polis tersebut, Ammar bersama pengurusan Primeworks Studios Sdn. Bhd. (PWS) diketuai Ketua Pegawai Eksekutifnya, Datuk Ahmad Izham Omar telah mengadakan pertemuan dengan Watson di Miri bagi memohon maaf secara terbuka.

Bagaimanapun, Watson yang berasa amat tersinggung enggan menerima permohonan maaf tersebut dan menyerahkan kepada pihak polis untuk menyiasat dan mengambil tindakan lanjut berhubung kes berkenaan.






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