FREEDOM OF SPEECH / FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION


FREEDOM OF SPEECH / FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION

Freedom of speech is the freedom to speak without censorship and/or limitation. The synonymous term freedom of expression is sometimes used to indicate not only freedom of verbal speech but any act of seeking, receiving and imparting information or ideas, regardless of the medium used [United Nations, 1966, 1976]. The right to freedom of speech is recognized as a human right under Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and recognized in international human rights law in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). The ICCPR recognizes the right to freedom of speech as "the right to hold opinions without interference. Everyone shall have the right to freedom of expression". Furthermore freedom of speech is recognized in European, inter-American and African regional human rights law [United Nations, 1966, 1967]. Freedom of speech, or the freedom of expression, is recognized in international and regional human rights law. The right is enshrined in Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights, Article 13 of the American Convention on Human Rights and Article 9 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights [Andrew Puddephatt & Hodder Arnold, 2005; Kumar, Ambika, 2006].

In Islamic ethics freedom of speech was first declared in the Rashidun period by the caliph Umar in the 7th century. In the Abbasid Caliphate period, freedom of speech was also declared by al-Hashimi (a cousin of Caliph al-Ma'mun) in a letter to one of the religious opponents he was attempting to convert through reason.

According to George Makdisi and Hugh Goddard, "the idea of academic freedom" in universities was "modelled on Islamic custom" as practiced in the medieval Madrasah system from the 9th century. Islamic influence was "certainly discernible in the foundation of the first deliberately-planned university" in Europe [Boisard, Marcel A., 1980].

* Selected REFERENCES / Sources:


Amnesty International: Annual Reports: URLhttp://www.amnesty.org/ailib/aireport/index.html Andrew Puddephatt & Hodder Arnold. (2005). Freedom of Expression: The Essentials of Human Rights. United Publishers. Boisard, Marcel A. (July 1980), "On the Probable Influence of Islam on Western Public and International Law", International Journal of Middle East Studies 11 (4): 429–50. Goddard, Hugh. (2000). A History of Christian-Muslim Relations. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Kumar, Ambika. (2006). ‘Using Courts to Enforce the Free Speech Provisions of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.’ Published by Chicago Journal of International Law. Summer 2006. URLhttp://www.allbusiness.com/corporate-governance/4082846-1.html United Nations: ‘International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.’ Adopted and opened for signature, ratification and accession by General Assembly resolution 2200A (XXI) of 16th December 1966: Entry into force 23 March 1976, in accordance with Article 49. URLhttp://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/ccpr.htm (United Nations) Wikipedia. (2010). ‘Freedom of Speech.’ Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. URLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_expression

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20 July 2013

Girl Left in Car for 6 Hours Dies of Heatstroke !


COMMENT:


Come on you got 5-6 HOURS to rethink where you send (or have not send your child). Do not be naïve or ignorance. Please go to JAIL and think about it.

That’s what happened when the mother just drive off and do not look behind to see IF the school bag is available, uniform, or that someone is sitting at the back seat, or asleep at the back seat. What or who is MORE important? The child or school meeting?

Furthermore, the mother's brain seems to be too small, like a 'prawn', so forgetful... How is it that she can be a good TEACHER?! IF she can forget about her own child, do you think that she can remember about your child IF it is under her CARE ?? 

Do not be naïve, what ‘Sudden Death’ it’s a clear case of ‘negligence.’ !! 

PITY the death little girl NOT the negligence mother! 

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Source: 
http://news.abnxcess.com/2013/07/three-year-old-child-found-dead-after-being-left-in-car-for-over-five-hours/

Three-year-old child found dead after being left in car for over five hours


Three-year-old child found dead

SUBANG JAYA – A three-year-old  child was found dead at the back seat of her mother’s car on Thursday.
The child, Nawal Iris Samsudin, is believed to have died of heat exposure after being left for over five hours in the car.
During the incident, the victim’s mother, Nor Zatusy Hazwa Abdul Rahim was believed to have been rushing for a meeting at a school at 11 am.
She said she had not realised that her daughter was asleep at the back seat of her car.
She only realised that her daughter was in the car when she returned to it at 5.30 pm.
Her daugher had however died when she was found and the body was sent to the Serdang Hospital for a post-mortem.

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Girl left in car for 6 hours dies

By HARIZ MOHD

SUBANG JAYA: A girl died from heatstroke after she was left in her mother’s car for more than six hours on Thursday.


The incident happened between 11am and 5.30pm at the compound of SMK USJ4, here, and police are investigating the mother for negligence.

Subang Jaya district police chief Assistant Commissioner Yahaya Ramli said Nawal Iris Samsudin, 3, was found dead by her mother, Norzatusy Hazwa Abdul Rahim, 32, at 5.30pm when the teacher was about to go home after work. Initial investigations found that Norzatusy Hazwa had forgotten to send Nawal Iris to the nursery before she went to work.

“Usually, the mother was the one who drove Nawal Iris to the nursery every morning. "However, for several days before the incident, the duty was undertaken by Norzatusy Hazwa's sister.

"Yesterday, Norzatusy Hazwa went to the school for a meeting after sending her sister to Subang Airport. "When she arrived at the school about 11am, Norzatusy Hazwa did not realise that she had yet to send Nawal Iris to the nursery and that the child was sleeping in the car's back seat," Yahaya said yesterday.

He said Norzatusy Hazwa, who teaches in the school's afternoon session, continued with classes until the day's session ended at 5.30pm.

When Norzatusy Hazwa found Nawal Iris, the girl's body was stiff and the skin was bluish.
She was then rushed to a nearby clinic, where a doctor pronounced her dead upon arrival.
Post-mortem conducted on the victim, who was the younger of two siblings, found that she had died from a heatstroke.

Yahaya said the incident, initially classified as sudden death, was now being probed under Section 33 of the Child Act 2001 (leaving a child without reasonable supervision).

A school staff member, who wished to remain anonymous, said Norzatusy Hazwa was about to open the car door when she saw Nawal Iris' body and screamed. "The situation turned chaotic for a moment.

"Norzatusy Hazwa and several other people then rushed Nawal Iris to a clinic nearby.
"When Norzatusy Hazwa was holding Nawal Iris in the car, the girl was covered in sweat and her head and body were soaked through."

The staff member said Norzatusy Hazwa's car was parked in the school's open air car park in front of the main building and that the weather was hot when the incident happened.
It is learnt that Norzatusy Hazwa was rushing to attend a meeting after sending her sister to the airport.

The staff member said Norzatusy Hazwa arrived late for the meeting, after which the latter continued with her classes.

Attempts to get comments from Nawal Iris' parents were unsuccessful.

About 30 family members and friends were at Nawal Iris' funeral at the USJ 22 cemetery here yesterday afternoon. One of the victim's uncles, who declined to be named, said the family was shocked over the incident, but accepted it as God's will.






Norzatusy Hazwa Abdul Rahim (second from left) being comforted after the death of her daughter yesterday. At right is her husband, identified only as Samsudin. Pic by Nik Hariff Hassan

Read more: Girl left in car for 6 hours dies - Top News - New Straits Times http://www.nst.com.my/top-news/girl-left-in-car-for-6-hours-dies-1.322847?cache=03d163d03edding-pred-1.1176%2F%3Fpfpentwage%3Fpage%3D0%3Fpage%3D0%3Fkey%3DMalaysia#ixzz2ZYXPH2rG



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Source:
http://www.nst.com.my/nation/general/mum-gets-4-years-for-baby-s-death-1.322835?cache=03d163d03edding-pred-1.1176%2F%3Fpfpentwage%3Fpage%3D0%3Fpage%3D0%3Fkey%3DMalaysia

MUM GETS 4 YEARS FOR BABY'S DEATH




KUCHING: The magistrate's court here sentenced a mother to four years' jail for causing the death of her 9-month-old child earlier this month.
Housewife Melissa Nawawi, 28, pleaded guilty to causing the death of Danish Firdaus on July 6.
In passing sentence, magistrate Zulhairil Sulaiman, after hearing her guilty plea, ordered that Melissa's jail term to start from the date of her arrest.
Zulhairil said as a mother, the accused should have been more responsible to prevent such an incident.
"I hope this sentence will serve as a lesson to her and the public in general," said Zulhairil.
After the sentence was read, Melissa cried in the witness stand and later banged her head several times against the wall as she was taken to the lock-up.
Based the facts of the case, the accused's 29-year-old sister, Dalilah, had found bruises all over Danish's face, chest and abdomen after Melissa ran away from her home in Kampung Seratau to a house in Mile 13, Jalan Kuching Serian on June 16.
Danish was later taken to Sarawak General Hospital and warded in the intensive care unit, where doctors found the child had been neglected and malnourished.
The accused had run away from her home following abuse by her husband.


Read more: Mum gets 4 years for baby's death - General - New Straits Times http://www.nst.com.my/nation/general/mum-gets-4-years-for-baby-s-death-1.322835?cache=03d163d03edding-pred-1.1176%2F%3Fpfpentwage%3Fpage%3D0%3Fpage%3D0%3Fkey%3DMalaysia#ixzz2ZYg5XLgJ